Examples:
JavaScript fetch
Python requests
Python httpx
Notes
- Shell variables like $TOKEN are kept literally; in code, read them from environment variables instead of hard-coding secrets.
- curl follows no redirects unless -L is given; the fetch output mirrors that with redirect: "manual".
- A browser cannot call most bot APIs directly because of CORS; run the fetch code in Node.js, Deno, Bun or a Worker.
Related: Telegram API builder, JSON to types.